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1 - 9 of 9
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(2006)Conference PaperA binary system of nano-reinforcement was used to increase flexural strength, flexural modulus and impact strength of a bisphenol-A type epoxy resin. Montmorillonite and alumina particles were used as modifiers. Each modifier, by itself, was found to increase these properties and further the use of both was found to have a synergistic effect.
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(2006)Conference PaperThe topics of ACUN-5 will cover all aspects of the science and technology of composite materials, from materials fabrication, processing, manufacture, structural and property characterisation, theoretical analysis, modelling and simulation, materials design to a variety of applications, such as aerospace, automotive, infrastructure, packaging, ship-building, and recreational products. ACUN-5 will bring together the latest research and developments of the complete range of composite materials, including biocomposites, medical-composites, functional and smart composites, gradient and layered composites, nanocomposites, structural composites and mimicking natural materials. The reinforcements will range from nano-, micro-, meso- to macro-scale in polymer, metal, ceramic and cementitious matrices.
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(2006)Conference PaperCorrelations between mechanical properties and microscopic features were investigated using both unnotched and notched specimens of rubber-toughened PMMA materials in very low to medium range of cross head speeds. It is found that: (1) significant difference in fracture surface morphologies between pure PMMA and rubber-toughened PMMA of unnotched specimens can be correlated with their difference in modes of failure; and variation of degree of roughness in rubber toughened PMMA can be correlated with variation of Young's modulus which is affected by rubber content; (2) decreasing trend of crack initiation region with increasing speed in notched specimens correlates with that of fracture elongation; and decreasing trend of stress whitening zone in notched specimens with both increasing speed and decreasing rubber content correlates with that of calculated plastic zone and the trend correlates also with that in modulus of toughness.
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(2007)Conference PaperThe Focused ion beam is being developed as a routine tool for the site specific preparation of specimen for Atom Probe Tomography. This paper presents recent advances in this technique demonstrated with results obtained from a bulk metallic glass specimen.
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(2006)Conference PaperSpecimen preparation for Atom Probe Tomography is a demanding process particularly if the features of interest are site specific. The Focused Ion Beam is evolving as a useful tool for the fabrication of such samples. This paper presents a new approach to fabricate site specific atom probe samples using a Focused Ion Beam instrument.
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(2005)Conference Paper(100) silicon thin films grown on (1ī02) sapphire substrates is the most significant of the silicon-on-insulator technologies and has been used for many years in the production of integrated circuits. This paper presents a TEM study of the evolution of crystalline defects during the heat treatments designed to improve the quality of the films. Planar defects were found to be isolated to the outer surface of the films, whilst dislocations were abundant throughout. Defect density was considerably reduced by annealing at higher temperatures.
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(2006)Conference PaperWith significant economic drivers to reduce consumption of expensive coking coal, Pulverized Coal Injection (PCI) commenced at BlueScope Steel in 2002, at injection rates ranging between 100 and 150 kg-coal/tonne of liquid iron. The key limitation to injection rates is associated with the reduction in packed bed permeability via additional char load into the furnace. The coal is injected via a simple co-axial lance, consisting of an inner pipe (for coal and carrier gas) and an outer annulus (for cooling gas to protect the lance from the high furnace temperatures). The cooling gas can be compressed air, natural gas or pure oxygen. Depending on the choice of cooling gas, the oxygen-to-carbon ratio of the system will change. In this paper, the application of a validated three-dimensional numerical model of the blowpipe/tuyere/raceway is described. The model is used for various plant-specific investigations of blast parameters such as oxygen enrichment, blast temperature and atomic oxygen-to-carbon ratio. The model results show the sensitivity of coal burnout to different operating parameters and confirm that burnouts higher than 80% are difficult to obtain due to the short residence times of the coal.
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(2006)Conference PaperThe erosion of hearth refractories typically governs the asset life of a blast furnace. Since operating conditions within the hearth make it practically impossible for direct measurement and visualisation, physical and mathematical models play an important role in understanding and assessing the cause-effect phenomena between the liquid iron, coke bed and refractories. A numerical model has been developed to predict the iron flow and temperature distribution within the packed bed and refractories. A number of case studies have been investigated for Port Kembla's No. 5 blast furnace, which is entering the 15th year of its current campaign. These case studies considered the effects of coke free layers (floating/sitting deadman), hearth deposits, coke bed fouling and localised refractory erosion. The refractory temperature distributions predicted by the model compare well with the blast furnace thermocouple measurements and as a result, the model has become a valuable predictive tool for hearth design and control.
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(2006)Conference PaperAn improved understanding of gas flow distribution around the raceway of an ironmaking blast furnace is important for stable operation and improved drainage of molten liquids from the hearth. Previous studies based on 2- and 3-dimensional models with over-simplified raceway phenomena do not provide a quantitative description of liquid-gas interaction. The current paper focuses on the analysis of gas flow near the raceway region and its effect on the liquid surface by using a 3-dimensional sector model. Various BF phenomena and a realistic local coke bed structure, such as the raceway cavity and “birds nest”, are considered. The simulation is conducted using a homogeneous two-phase flow model combined with a model for flow through porous media. The variables considered include the liquid level, location and shape of the cohesive zone and deadman characteristics.