Abstract
SP, resistivity/IP and seismic refraction responses of the Woodlawn Orebody and Mt.Bulga Deposit are examined and compared.
Both exhibit similar responses produced mainly by uneconomic and
disseminated sulphide mineralization and host rock features, demonstrating that the magnitude and character of electrical and seismic responses are not reliable indicators of size and economic sulphide content of volcanogenic sulphide ores.
SP, soil geochemistry and electrogeochemistry are found to
be the most effective exploration methods followed by
resistivity/IP and seismic refraction. The large SP responses
over both ore zones are simulated using new methods which allowed
the width and depth of oxidation to be computed.
Conventional and compensation array resistivity responses
best define the deposits. Computer simulation shows that dipole-
dipole and Unipole arrays are most useful. First order IP
responses are large and similar, but the ore zones are not easily
distinguished from polarizable host rocks. Second order
responses, at Woodlawn, better define these lithologies and
cross-plots of EM coupling removed first order parameters prove
useful. The supergene and gossan zones are defined as sources of
electrical anomalies and correlate with interpreted SP sources.
Seismic velocities of fresh Woodlawn ore samples indicate
only small contrasts with host rocks. Refraction travel-time
data are highly complex but host rocks are clearly distinguished
by their seismic velocities. Both deposits appear as low velocity
zones at the general bedrock level which are shallower and
narrower than the electrical sources associated with the ore
zones. Extensive model simulation shows that the Reciprocal
interpretation method is most useful when compared to other time-
term methods for refraction interpretation but has some
limitations. Computer simulation shows the significance of non-
critical refractions, diffractions and laterally hidden zones
which define the lateral resolution of the refraction method.
The results of this study and the interpretative techniques
developed will assist the exploration for similar and deeper
massive volcanogenic orebodies in comparable geological
environments.