Publication:
Studies in density stratified flows. April 1970.

dc.contributor.author Wilkinson, D. L. en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2021-11-25T12:45:22Z
dc.date.available 2021-11-25T12:45:22Z
dc.date.issued 1970 en_US
dc.description.abstract Examines the rapidly varied flow phenomenon in a two layer density stratified system. Only one layer flows, the other being stationary. The flow regime changes from supercritical to subcritical across the region of rapidly varied flow. The analogous phenomenon in open channel hydraulics is the hydraulic jump. In stratified flows it will be referred to as a density jump because it is generally accompanied by a change in the density of the flowing layer. It is shown there is a fundamental difference between the hydraulic and the density jump in that the conjugate conditions on either side of a density jump are not uniquely related as they are with the hydraulic jump. There are a range of possible states which may be attained downstream of a density jump for a given upstream state. It is shown that the rate of entrainment of ambient fluid into a density jump and therefore the conditions downstream of the jump are a function of the downstream control. The limiting cases of maximum and minimum entrainment and control mechanisms within the jump are examined. Several forms of control are investigated among these being the broad crested weir, a free overfall and channel friction. An entrainment function is derived, relating a local entrainment parameter to a local Froude number within the entraining zone of a density jump. Some features of unsteady density flows are examined and it is shown that all the properties of strarting flow or nose are controlled by the following layer, which in turn is generally controlled by boundary friction. An approximate expression is derived for the fall in momentum flux across a density jump and this is compared with experimental data. Finally, experimental velocity and density distributions downstream of density jumps are presented, and are shown to be functions of the Froude number of the flow upstream of the density jump, and the rate of entrainment within the jump. The significant result arising from this work is that conditions downstream of density jump which will occur, for example, at power station cooling pond outfalls and some ocean sewage outfalls, can be predicted. A design example, showing how station cooling pond efficiencies can be optimised by the control of mixing at the outfall, is included in the appendices. en_US
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/1959.4/36340
dc.language English
dc.language.iso EN en_US
dc.publisher University of New South Wales - Water Research Laboratory en_US
dc.rights CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 en_US
dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/au/ en_US
dc.source Legacy MARC en_US
dc.source WRL Digitisation
dc.source WRL Digitisation
dc.subject.other Stratified flow en_US
dc.subject.other Density en_US
dc.subject.other Entrainment en_US
dc.subject.other Cooling ponds en_US
dc.subject.other Froude number en_US
dc.subject.other Ph.D. Thesis en_US
dc.title Studies in density stratified flows. April 1970. en_US
dc.type Report en
dcterms.accessRights open access
dspace.entity.type Publication en_US
unsw.accessRights.uri https://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
unsw.identifier.doi https://doi.org/10.4225/53/579eb0326c4ea en_US
unsw.relation.faculty Engineering
unsw.relation.ispartofreportnumber UNSW Water Research Laboratory Report No. 118 en_US
unsw.relation.originalPublicationAffiliation Wilkinson, D. L., Water Research Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW en_US
unsw.relation.school School of Civil and Environmental Engineering *
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