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Abstract
Digital transformation (DT) continues to gain popularity, while it still presents a contested and ambiguous process. This thesis explores the DT process in different scenarios with varied theoretical lenses befitting each scenario using three empirical case study papers. The study starts with a thematic literature review setting the context for the complexity of the DT process within the application of "smart city" calling for a renewed process-oriented research approach. The thesis proceeds with the analysis of how stakeholders influence the DT process in response to opportunities and challenges within and beyond organisational boundaries. In doing so, the research uncovers multiple premises for aligning, guiding, and provoking stakeholders’ influence on the DT process. The findings highlight the importance of the stakeholders' alignment process, nurturing stakeholders’ attention, and achieving resourcefulness in a resource constrained environment to deliver a successful information system through the DT initiative. From a theoretical perspective, the study focuses on the DT process to unlock a series of actions, interactions, and decision-making necessary for the success of the DT initiative, then expands the adopted theoretical lenses with new elements, premises, and interactions. Drawing on the findings, the study develops three process models that describe the initiation, operationalisation, and activation of the DT process. Practically, the research provides guidance to practitioners on planning, implementing, and dealing with the complexity of the transformation process along their DT journey.
