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Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • (2022) Nguyen, Robert
    Thesis
    Data-driven decision making is everywhere in the modern sporting world. The most well-known example of this is the Moneyball movement in Major League Baseball (MLB), which built on research by Sherri Nichols in the 1980s, but sport analytics has also driven major changes in strategy in basketball, the National Football League, and soccer. In Australia, sports analytics has not had quite the same influence in its major domestic codes. In this thesis, we develop tools to assist the analytics community in two major Australian commercial sports. For Australian Rules Football, the largest commercial sport in Australia, data was not readily accessible for the national competition, the Australian Football League (AFL). Data access is fundamental to data analysis, so this has been a major constraint on the capacity of the AFL analytics community to grow. In this thesis, this issued is solved by making AFL data readily accessible through the R package fitzRoy. This package has already proven to be quite successful and has seen uptake from the media, fans, and club analysts. Expected points models are widely used across sports to inform tactical decision making, but as currently implemented, they confound the effects of decisions on points scored and the situations that the decisions tend to be made in. In Chapter 3, a new expected points approach is proposed, which conditions on match situation when estimating the effect of decisions on expected points. Hence we call this a conditional Expected Points (cEP) model. Our cEP model is used to provide new insight into fourth Down (NFL) decision-making in the National Football League, and decision-making when awarded a penalty in Rugby League. The National Rugby League (NRL) is the leading competition of Australia’s second largest commercial sport it is played on a pitch that is 100m long and 70m wide, and the NRL have provided us with detailed event data from the previous five seasons, used in academic research for the first time in this thesis. We found that NRL teams should kick for goal from penalties much more often than is currently the case. In Chapter 4 we develop a live probability model for predicting the winner of a Rugby League game using data that is collected live. This model could be used by the National Rugby League during broadcasts to enhance their coverage by reporting live win probabilities. While most live probability models are constructed using scores only, the availability of live event data meant we could investigate whether models constructed using event data have better predictive performance. We were able to show that in addition to score differential that the addition of covariates such as missed tackles can improve the prediction. Clubs use their own domain knowledge to test their own live win probability theories with the R scripts that are provided to the NRL

  • (2022) Wang, Blair
    Thesis
    Digital work exemplifies the impact of Information Systems (IS) on everyday life in the modern world. Digital nomadism is an extreme incarnation of digital work, entailing knowledge workers mobilising — from fixed life and work arrangements in one place, to a lifestyle of travel and mobile, location-independent work — facilitated by digital technologies. Many see digital nomadism as a promising alternative to entrenched patterns in society, particularly in how workers relate to organisations and how citizens relate to nation states. However, others may critique and question digital nomadism for its shortcomings and ethical issues. This thesis engages with this fragmented discourse on digital nomadism by making contributions through the lens of critical theory. As this thesis outlines, critical theory is an intellectual tradition that sensitises scholars to critical-theoretic perspectives: Empowerment and Emancipation; Exploitation and Marginalization; Systems and Structures; Agency and Technology; Environment and Sustainability; Ethics and Morality. This thesis is comprised of four related papers. The first paper presents an overview of different types of theorising in critical-theoretic IS research, revealing a diverse philosophical landscape of intellectual foundations that can help scholars make sense of the interplay between critical-theoretic issues and IS phenomena like digital nomadism. The second paper then leverages the findings of the first paper, to present a literature review of digital nomadism from a critical theory perspective. The second paper reveals that critical-theoretic knowledge claims are already visible in the scholarly literature on digital nomadism but have yet to be fully understood, thus suggesting the need for future research. Based on this foundational understanding of the literature on digital nomadism and the literature on critical-theoretic IS research, the third and fourth papers make contributions based on empirical findings from fieldwork in major digital nomad destinations. The third paper employs the empirical findings to envision the future of post-COVID-19 knowledge work, based on a Hegelian dialectical perspective; and the fourth paper employs the empirical findings to reveal how digital nomadism entails an avenue for achieving workers’ emancipation that constitutes a departure from the traditional conceptualisation of emancipation in the nation state.

  • (2022) Prester, Julian
    Thesis
    All work is seemingly becoming digital: office, manufacturing, service, and even agricultural work. Despite the prevalence and far-reaching implications of the digitalisation of work, few studies have examined how digital work is performed in practice. This dissertation investigates digital work that is performed nomadically. Existing organisational and information systems research on the changing nature of work suggests that the essential qualities of work remain unchanged, with only secondary characteristics undergoing transformations. However, this dissertation reveals that in digital nomad work, the meaning of work—as well as by whom, where, when, and how work is performed—is continuously in becoming. To unpack and theorise digital configurations of work, I carried out a multi-sited ethnographic study of digital nomads. Digital nomads are a group of highly skilled professionals who leverage digital technologies to work remotely and lead an independent and nomadic lifestyle. Using participant observation, interviews, and online fieldwork, I examined how people become digital nomads and traced the practices and processes involved in performing digital nomad work. In Chapter 2, I trace people’s journeys of becoming digital nomads by revisiting the concept of identity. In Chapter 3, using the concept of leading, I shift to the community aspect of digital nomadism and explore a prominent community to unpack emerging directions for organising the global digital nomad movement. In Chapter 4, I analyse a set of digital nomad work practices and show how they are performed as appropriate in practice by elaborating on the concept of legitimation. In Chapter 5, I trace my own journey in becoming a process-oriented information systems researcher by reflecting on five methodological moves that I have followed to study digital nomad work. This dissertation aims to extend our understanding of new forms of digital work by reimagining organisational concepts via the performative process perspective. First, I develop an in-depth understanding of digital nomad work that goes beyond the existing research on digital work in conventional organisational settings and precarious gig work. Second, I propose the idea of “working as becoming” based on the performative process perspective, according to which work is always changing and does not have an underlying core or essence that remains stable. Third, by experimenting with several novel methodological practices grounded in the performative process perspective, this dissertation contributes to the development of process-sensitive research methods.

  • (2023) Jiwasiddi, Angtyasti
    Thesis
    Digital work has shown the importance of information systems (IS) and information technology (IT) in everyday life, particularly in the case of ‘digital nomads’. Digital nomads are a rapidly growing cohort of extremely mobile and typically Western IT professionals and entrepreneurs. The popularity of the lifestyle grew around the mid-2010s with the proliferation of digital IT, which allowed people to live a lifestyle with high temporal and spatial flexibility and high degrees of freedom. By working globally using variations of digital platforms, these digital nomads adopt a lifestyle that combines work with travelling to maximise their cultural-experiential and monetary outcomes. The ideal destinations for digital nomads are localities with a good internet connection, appropriate visitor facilities and a low cost of living. Thus, many digital nomads gravitate to places such as Bali, Indonesia and Chiang Mai, Thailand. However, prior research on digital nomads has spent little time examining digital nomadism from the perspective of local communities. This PhD thesis focuses on understanding the impact of digital nomadism on local communities by inductively examining the data and using a grounded-theoretical approach. Although the thesis engages with related literature (i.e. digital nomadism, lifestyle migration and mobility), it does not adopt a predetermined theoretical lens. The grounded theoretical approach is appropriate because it allows us to understand the data obtained from interviews with the informants and other sources (e.g. online data and archival documents) without any pre-imposed assumptions and conceptions. This thesis comprises three related papers. Each paper has its own focus, and ultimately, the combination of the three papers will give readers good insights using different angles that look at the impacts of digital nomadism on local communities. The first paper presents an overview of the phases of digital nomadism and examines the different impacts each phase has on local communities. Based on archival (natural) global data (e.g. social media posts, blogs and media reports), this paper reveals the three different types of digital nomads and the different phases of their interactions with the local communities: 1) exploring, 2) connecting and 3) immersing phase. The phases are dynamic and explain that digital nomads are very dynamic in their work/travel behaviour and ultimately also shape their interactions and impacts on local communities. The second paper discusses the impacts of digital nomadism on local communities based on the case of Canggu, Bali, in Indonesia. The analysis examines how digital nomads lead to local transformations over time. The local transformation is explained in three different phases: 1) initiation, 2) growth and 3) maturity phase. Each phase has unique impacts, some of which are considerably positive (e.g. economic growth, job opportunities), and some are unwanted (e.g. gentrification and a sense of unfairness). The third paper is a case study of Chiang Mai, Thailand, which is one of the top destinations not only for digital nomadism but also for other types of visitors, such as backpackers and mass tourists. The analysis compares digital nomads with other types of visitors. This paper reveals that there are different types of visitors in Chiang Mai 1) mass tourists, 2) backpackers, 3) digital nomads 4) expats, and from local perspectives, digital nomads and each category of visitors has its own unique characteristics and impacts. Overall, the three papers concluded in this thesis provide unique insights that shed light into understanding better the impacts of digital nomadism on local communities.

  • (2023) Sari, Rora Puspita
    Thesis
    Artificial intelligence (AI) technology affects organisations worldwide, rendering them more efficient through innovations ranging from AI-automated products to AI-augmented services. Nevertheless, despite the enthusiasm of organisations about adopting AI technology in their operations, their employees might not necessarily be eager for this initiative. Organisational climate literature emphasises the need to define a specific climate; in this case, it is labelled digital climate. The digital climate is a concept used in the thesis to understand employees’ perceptions of AI technology use reflected in the digital climate that emerges in organisations—one that might support or impede implementation. Considering these issues, this thesis sheds light on the relationship between such usage and climate through two qualitative case studies grounded in robust action and affordance theories. The studies empirically compared the implementation of AI for automation and augmentation in the case organisations. The AI automation case shows that organisational members performed a robust learning action for the studied organisation to develop an AI automation technology. Meanwhile, the AI augmentation case shows that organisational members actualise the AI affordances to augment the existing operation. They also explored the emerging digital climate, and the impact of AI technology use in these institutions. The results showed that the organisations use AI technology at the initiation, implementation and adaptation stages. The digital climate in the examined organisations emerges at the adaptation stage and manifests as the effect of AI technology use. This thesis extends knowledge of phenomena related to AI technology in the field of information systems. It presents practical implications that can help organisations understand employee perceptions of AI technology implementation.