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Now showing 1 - 10 of 279
  • (1998) Choi, C; Kim, Hann; Standard, Owen; Kim, Min; Zhao, Yong; Sorrell, Charles
    Journal Article
    YBa2Cu3O7-y with high grain alignment has been successfully fabricated by a modified powder melting process at a temperature of ~930oC which is near the eutectic point of the starting materials Y2BaCuO5, BaCuO2, and CuO. In terms of the levitation force and YBa2Cu3O7-y grain alignment, the best result was shown in a sample having a Y2BaCuO5:BaCuO2:CuO molecular ratio of 1:3:5. In the present work, the Cu-surplus eutectic liquid was completely absorbed by use of a Y2BaCuO5 substrate, by which the final composition was driven to stoichiometric YBa2Cu3O7-y. The results were comparable to those obtained by the conventional melt-texture-growth process. A new invariant point apparently occurred at ~930-940oC owing to an interfacial reaction between YBa2Cu3O7-y matrix and Y2BaCuO5 substrate.

  • (2011) Bednall, Timothy; Bove, Liliana
    Journal Article
    Although research into blood donor motivation abounds, most studies have typically focused on small sets of variables, used different terminology to label equivalent constructs, and have not attempted to generalize findings beyond their individual settings. The current study sought to synthesize past findings into a unified taxonomy of blood donation drivers and deterrents, and estimate the prevalence of each factor across the worldwide population of donors and eligible non-donors. Primary studies were collected and cross-validated categories of donation motivators and deterrents were developed. Proportions of first-time, repeat, lapsed, apheresis and eligible non-donors endorsing each category were calculated. In terms of motivators, first-time and repeat donors most frequently cited convenience, prosocial motivation and personal values; apheresis donors similarly cited the latter two motivators. Conversely, lapsed donors more often cited collection agency reputation, perceived need for donation, marketing communication and incentives as motivators. In terms of deterrents, both donors and non-donors most frequently referred to low self-efficacy to donate, low involvement, inconvenience, absence of marketing communication, ineffective incentives, lack of knowledge about donating, negative service experiences, and fear. The integration of past findings has yielded a comprehensive taxonomy of factors influencing blood donation, and has provided insight into the prevalence of each factor across multiple stages of donors’ careers. Implications for collection agencies are discussed.

  • (2013) Chen, Elaine; Shipton, Helen; Bednall, Timothy; Sanders, Karin
    Conference Paper


  • (1981) Bottger, Preston C.
    Thesis
    Studies of small group performance have long been dominated by the view that interaction processes amongst team members are the critical determinants of task achievement. Yet few studies show that training in group dynamics leads to performance improvements (Kaplan, 1979). The emphasis on group level processes has overshadowed the influence of member task ability on group performance. The research presented here aims to redress this imbalance. Four integrated studies are undertaken employing different research methodologies. Study 1 explores the group performance/size relationship, and the moderating effects of member expertise and social decision schemes. Both simulated and interacting groups are investigated. Performance is found to be a positive linear function of log size. The slope of this graph is steeper for high ability members and more rational decision strategies. Study 2 explores the types of decision strategies used by interacting groups. Team performance is separated into assembly and information processing components. The former is a function of average member ability. The latter is determined by the degree of fit with a rational non-unit weight decision scheme. Study 3 shows for a group to achieve this strategy, member participation rates must be allocated in proportion to task expertise. Study 3 also demonstrates differences between perceived and actual influence: the former is principally determined by participation level, the latter by expertise. Study 4 builds on the findings of the first three - that group performance is a function of member task expertise and strategies for its use. It shows that task training for individuals enhances member ability, group process and decision schemes and performance. All studies employ the same task: the NASA moon exercise. A total of 400 subjects working individually and/or in 70 interacting groups are involved in the studies.


  • (1983) Samson, Daniel Alexander
    Thesis